在essay寫作中,語法、時(shí)態(tài)是異常重要的。留學(xué)生對于語法、時(shí)態(tài)的理解可能要比其他普通學(xué)生深刻一些,但真要講出個(gè)什么所以然來,可能也不知道怎么表達(dá)。特別是對于什么“一般將來時(shí)”、“將來進(jìn)行時(shí)”等更是說不出啥來。今天Australiaway小編就帶大家看看essay寫作中“將來時(shí)”具體該怎么用。
essay寫作中的時(shí)態(tài)運(yùn)用
?。ㄒ唬┮话銓頃r(shí)態(tài)
1.will/shall表示單純的將來(即現(xiàn)在的之后),will還可以表示"決心"、"意愿";shall用于第一、三人稱的問句中,還可以表示征求對方的意見.例如:
He will be back in a few days.(單純將來)
I will study hard to keep up with my classmates.(決心或意愿)
Shall I go with you?(征求意見)
【注意】在含有if的條件狀語從句時(shí),主句中要用will表示將來時(shí).
例如:If it doesn't rain tomorrow,we will go climbing.
2.be going to+動詞原形多用于口語,強(qiáng)調(diào)事先的"打算、計(jì)劃"要做的事情或有某種跡象要發(fā)生的事情.例如:
What are you going to do this evening?(打算)
Look!There are so many clouds in the sky.It's going to rain,I think.(有跡象要發(fā)生的事情)
3.be doing代表現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí).現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示即將發(fā)生的將來,多與表示位移的動詞come,go,arrive,leave,fly,start等連用.例如:
She is leaving for Beijing.她就要啟程去北京.
4.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來時(shí),主要用于時(shí)間狀語從句或條件狀語從句中;或者用來表示按時(shí)刻表的規(guī)定將要發(fā)生的動作.例如:
I'll tell him about it as soon as I see him.
My plane takes off at seven tomorrow morning.
?。ǘ┻^去將來時(shí)態(tài)
1.過去將來時(shí)一般由“助動詞would(should)+動詞原形”構(gòu)成,也可以用“was(were)going to+動詞原形”來表示.過去將來時(shí)表示從過去某一時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài),這種時(shí)態(tài)常用在賓語從句中.
I thought the film was going to be very interesting.
我原以為這個(gè)電影會很有趣.
No one knew which country would hold the next Olympic Games.
誰也不知道將由哪個(gè)國家舉辦下一屆奧林匹克運(yùn)動會.
2.由were/was going to表示過去將來時(shí)
Jackie thought the American country music was going to be very popular.杰基認(rèn)為美國鄉(xiāng)村音樂將深受歡迎.
The Greens were going to spend their winter vacation abroad.格林一家將到國外去度寒假.
Zhou Lan said she was going to work hard at her English.周蘭說她將努力學(xué)習(xí)英語.
Charlie wrote he and his father were going to cut rice soon.查利寫道他與他父親不久就打算割稻.
3.用would表示過去將來時(shí)
They told me that they would come home by air for the holiday.他們告訴我說他們將乘飛機(jī)回家度假.
The writer thought it would be wrong to eat monkeys.作者認(rèn)為吃猴子肉是不對的.
It would be very difficult to make progress if you didn't work hard.
4.過去將來時(shí)態(tài)中的否定形式
The radio broadcast that it was not going to snow tomorrow.電臺廣播說明天不會下雪.
He explained that he was not going to take part in the sports meeting.他解釋說他將不參加運(yùn)動會.
During an earthquake weak buildings would not stay up.地震時(shí)不結(jié)實(shí)的樓房就要倒塌.
He would not prepare any special food for his cousin.他不給表弟做特別的飯菜.
(三)用于表示過去未實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望和計(jì)劃的表達(dá)
A.should like to/would like to/would love to+不定式的完成時(shí)態(tài)
B.was/were going to do sth.(用過去將來時(shí)態(tài)表示原打算做什么.)
C.was/were going to have done sth.表示未完成原來的計(jì)劃和安排.
D.expect,intend,hope,mean,plan,promise,suppose,think,want,wish...
常用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)在這些詞后接賓語從句或者接不定式的一般形式;或者用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)后面接不定式的完成形式表示過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望.
E.wish that…had done sth.表示過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望.
F.情態(tài)動詞should,would,could,might,ought to等后接不定式的完成時(shí),表示過去本該做,打算做,想做而未做的事情.
G.had better/would rather+不定式的完成時(shí),表示一種過去的愿望.常譯為"當(dāng)初最好/當(dāng)初真該...."
(四)不同時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別
1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)的范疇,表示過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響;而一般過去時(shí)是過去的范疇,表示過去的動作或現(xiàn)象,與現(xiàn)在無關(guān).例如:
He has come here.(說明他現(xiàn)在在這里)
He came here.(說明他過去來過這里,但現(xiàn)在是否在這里不知道)
2.一般過去時(shí)與過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別
一般過去時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生過,強(qiáng)調(diào)動作結(jié)束了.而過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動作在過去某時(shí)間內(nèi)進(jìn)行,強(qiáng)調(diào)動作沒結(jié)束.例如:
Yesterday I wrote a letter.(意思是"寫了信")
Yesterday I was writing a letter.(意思是"在寫信")
3.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)、過去將來時(shí)的區(qū)別
過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)、過去將來時(shí)這三個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)是"寄生"時(shí)態(tài).所謂"寄生"時(shí)態(tài),就是不能單獨(dú)存在,必須以某一過去時(shí)為存在的條件.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)就是與某一過去時(shí)同時(shí)發(fā)生的動作,過去將來時(shí)就是在某一過去時(shí)之后發(fā)生的動作,過去完成時(shí)就是在某一過去動作之前發(fā)生的動作.請比較:
When I got there,they had done the work.當(dāng)我到達(dá)那兒時(shí),他們已經(jīng)做完工作了.
When I got there,they were doing the work carefully.當(dāng)我到達(dá)那兒時(shí),他們正在認(rèn)真地做工作.
When I got there,they would do the work.當(dāng)我到達(dá)那兒時(shí),他們才做工作.
以上就是Australiaway小編給同學(xué)們分享的在essay寫作中需要注意的時(shí)態(tài)問題,希望同學(xué)們不要在一些無關(guān)緊要的地方被扣分。需要essay代寫的同學(xué)可以掃描右邊的二維碼聯(lián)系我們的客服哦!100%原創(chuàng),新客戶首單立減5%!