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Essay寫作段落的標準結(jié)構(gòu):TRIAC結(jié)構(gòu)
文章來源：原創(chuàng)??文章作者：Australiaway??發(fā)布時間：2019-07-30 08:18:23 ??瀏覽次數(shù)： 次??字數(shù)：3757 字??文章關(guān)鍵詞:essay寫作
文章導(dǎo)讀：很多留學(xué)生在完成Essay寫作時對于段落之間的結(jié)構(gòu)不知道如何去掌控，因此寫到后面就導(dǎo)致結(jié)構(gòu)混亂，拿不到高分甚至會fail。今天Australiaway小編就給同學(xué)們分享關(guān)于 essay寫作 中的段落分...
很多留學(xué)生在完成Essay寫作時對于段落之間的結(jié)構(gòu)不知道如何去掌控，因此寫到后面就導(dǎo)致結(jié)構(gòu)混亂，拿不到高分甚至會fail。今天Australiaway小編就給同學(xué)們分享關(guān)于essay寫作中的段落分析。一起來看看吧！
Essay寫作技巧
一、TRIAC主題段落定義與要求
主題段落的一種標準結(jié)構(gòu)是TRIAC結(jié)構(gòu)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)的段落按順序給出主題語句（Topic Sentence）、重述或限制（Restatement or Restriction）、舉證（Illustration）、分析（Analysis）和結(jié)論（Conclusion）。TRIAC即為Topic Sentence、Restatement、Illustration、Analysis和Conclusion的首寫字母組合。
1)主題語句：第一句介紹這一段的主題，要回答的問題。
2)重述或限制：縮小主題范圍，第二句可以重述或限制第一句所寫的內(nèi)容，使主題更加具體。
3)舉證：舉出例子或證據(jù)。段落的這一部分由舉證(證據(jù)、數(shù)據(jù)、事實、引述、推理等)組成，來支持你的主題句。一個段落中可以有多個舉證。
4)分析：評論、解釋、解讀或關(guān)聯(lián)舉證。指出例證的價值、意義、問題或影響。
5)結(jié)論：最后一句回顧這段討論的內(nèi)容，再次強調(diào)舉證和分析所暗示的內(nèi)容，并再一次聲明主題。
二、TRIAC主題段落舉例
（主題語句）盡管素食主義經(jīng)常與倫理和動物權(quán)利問題聯(lián)系在一起，但對許多人來說，它僅僅意味著更健康的生活方式。（重述或限制）素食可以降低健康問題的風險，如高膽固醇、動脈阻塞，甚至癌癥。（舉證）最近的證據(jù)表明，飲食中富含深綠色蔬菜的人患結(jié)腸癌的幾率降低了40%。此外，切肉可以顯著減少飽和脂肪的攝入。愛麗絲是一名大學(xué)生，也是一名七年素食主義者，她說，“因為我的遺傳史，我認識到了我患癌癥的可能性；當我父親的醫(yī)生讓他嚴格節(jié)食時，我決定是時候放棄漢堡和意大利香腸了”。（分析）選擇減少牛肉和家禽可以幫助許多人更加意識到他們正在消費什么，這反過來會導(dǎo)致總體上更健康的烹飪和飲食方式。此外，沒有必要成為嚴格意義上的素食者；對一些人來說，這僅僅意味著減少肉類攝入量，增加每餐的水果和蔬菜的攝入量。（結(jié)論）這些調(diào)整本身是有益的，但不會完全改變個人的飲食習慣，這些改變可能會防止日后出現(xiàn)無數(shù)健康問題。
三、附錄——相關(guān)內(nèi)容的原文
TRIAC:Topic Sentence,Restatement,Illustration,Analysis and Conclusion
TRIAC is a writing pattern you can use at both the essay and paragraph level for strong organization and argument.You can also use it for revision,particularly as a method for bringing focus and coherence to your work.
T:Topic Sentence.The first sentence introduces the subject of the paragraph.Answers the question,What are you writing about?
R:Restatement or Restriction.Narrows the focus.The second sentence can restate or restrict what was written in the first sentence,making the subject more specific.
I:Illustration.Give examples/evidence.This portion of the paragraph consists of the illustrations(evidence,data,facts,quotes,reasoning,etc.)that support your topic sentence.You can have more than one I in a paragraph.
A:Analysis.Comment,explain,interpret,or contextualize the illustrations that have been made.Never leave illustrations by themselves;their effectiveness lies in your analysis.Show value,significance,problems,or impact.You should have one A for each I in the paragraph.The more As and Is,the more fully developed your essay will be.
C:Conclusion.Repeat or reflect topic.The final sentence might review what the paragraph has discussed,or it can re-emphasize what the illustration and analysis suggest.The portion might also identify or evaluation connections.Keep in mind that you are also setting yourself up to smoothly move into the next paragraph.
Model TRIAC paragraph（舉例）:
[T]Although vegetarianism has often been associated with issues or ethics and animals rights,for many people it is no more than means to a healthier lifestyle.[R]A vegetarian diet can reduce the risk of health problems such as high cholesterol,arterial clogging,and even cancer.<I>Recent evidence indicates that people with a diet rich in dark green vegetables had a 40%less chance of developing colon cancer.In addition,cutting meat out can dramatically reduce saturated fat intake.Alice,a university student and a seven-year vegetarian,says,“I recognized my potential for cancer because of my genetic history;when my father’s doctor put him on a strict no-meat diet,I decided it was time to give up burgers and pepperoni.”[A]Choosing to cut down beef and poultry can help many people to become more aware of what they are consuming,and it turn leads to overall more healthful style of cooking and eating.In addition,it is not necessary to become a vegetarian in the strictest sense of the word;for some people,it simply means cutting down on meat intake and increasing the amount of fruits and vegetables included in each meal.[C]These adjustments alone can be beneficial without completely altering the individual’s eating habits,and these changes may prevent a myriad of health problems later in life.
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